مراكز الحكم في الدولة العربية الإسلامية حتى نهاية العصر العباسي الأول دراسة في أسباب التحول وآثاره

الباحث

وائل عبد السادة حاتم الهلالي

المشرف

وسيم عبود عطية

الجامعة

جامعة الكوفة

الكلية / القسم

الآداب / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2022

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

مراكز الحكم;الدولة العربية الإسلامية;العصر العباسي الأول;التاريخ الإسلامي

This study shows the importance of the Islamic cities built by the Muslim Arabs since the announcement of the Islamic call, and they made it capitals, and some of them were centers of rule. Yathrib was the cornerstone of their stability and urbanization. The beginning was by taking Yathrib city as the headquarters for state until it became the focus of the Muslims’ attention; the state bureaus were in it, from it the decisions were issued, by it the Muslims united and they knew the importance of the center of governance and the capital, so Yathrib was the first Islamic capital. Yet, it did not last for a long time, were the bad military and political conditions and factors had important role in leaving it during the era of Imam Ali (Peace be upon him), as he decided to move to Al-Kufa in (36 A.H. / 656 A.D.). Choosing this city was not random or without planning and study. Rather, by the nature of its location and planning, it was a camp for Muslim armies during the Arab Islamic conquests in Iraq, in addition to the large number of his supporters in it. These reasons made him leave Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah and take Al-Kufa as his capital because Al- Madinah Al-Munawwarah is no longer fit to be a capital and a center of rule because of the strife and its unsettled political and military situation, and Al-Kufa satisfied his need in these fields. After the martyrdom of the Imam (peace be upon him) The Umayyads seized power and moved the capital of the Islamic Arab state from Al- Kufa to Damascus due to the presence of tribal, political and military factors that helped them in that, they have great roots in the Levant, and Al-Kufa is the stronghold of the Alawites. But after the death of Muawiyah, the founder of the Umayyad state, the matter differed in the Umayyad rulers choosing their centers of rule, and Damascus was no longer important. Marwan bin Muhammad, the last Umayyad ruler, moved the capital to Harran and left Damascus for the presence of the Qaisiya tribe. The tribal factor and the supporter numbers still the base for choosing the centers of government. When the Abbasids seized power in (632 A.H.

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الاسم

رقم الهاتف

البريد الإلكتروني

الغرض من الطلب (اختياري)

إرسال الطلب