حسن علي منصور ودوره السياسي في ايران 1923-1965 دراسة تاريخية

الباحث

وفاء شاكر عبد الخفاجي

المشرف

أ.د. مقدام عبد الحسن باقر الفياض

الجامعة

جامعة الكوفة

الكلية / القسم

التربية للبنات / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2022

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

حسن علي منصور;ايران;التاريخ السياسي;الشاه محمد رضا بهلوي

A (Hassan Ali Mansour) is one of the prominent politicians in the history of Iran, who adopted two main things in his life, namely, building a young educated elite that believes in societal change according to the Western model and loyalty to the Shah, and benefiting from it in developing administrative and economic institutions, advancing the reality of the Iranian individual and addressing his material problems. The second is joining the ranks of the West and allying with it, especially the United States of America, which was involved in moving the compass of positions in accordance with its higher interests. The letter raises supposed questions about the beginnings of Hassan Ali Mansour's career, his political leanings, his transformation into a supporter of American policy, and the extent to which this affected the course of events during his tenure of the Iranian government, and how he took bold steps that led to a dangerous slide later, such as the law of judicial or political immunity for American advisers. Which is one of the most prominent issues discussed during his reign, which affected the course of domestic politics, and led to a sharp confrontation with the religious establishment, intensification of opposition against it, turmoil of the situation and the outbreak of popular clashes that came as a protest against the exile of the spiritual inspiration to a large part of the Iranian people represented by the figure of Ruhollah Khomeini. , until matters led to his assassination and the end of an important chapter in the history of his country. The nature of the thesis necessitated its division into an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion and appendices. The first chapter entitled (Hassan Ali Mansour...His family, personal and career biography) came in three sections, the first of which studied family affiliation and the most prominent impact of his family, and studied the second topic, his social upbringing, intellectual orientations, educational stations, and the most important jobs he held until 1953. The third topic, to shed light on his political and functional role in the Iranian governments that he experienced between 1953-1964. The second chapter dealt with the subject of (Iran Newin Party, a study on its establishment and its role in the 1964 Iranian parliamentary elections). The second discussed the nature of the circumstances that accompanied the parliamentary elections for the twenty-first parliamentary session. The third chapter entitled (The formation of the government of Hassan Ali Mansour and its most prominent works) came in four sections, the first of which B focused on the efforts of the Hassan Ali Mansour government in strengthening the economic structures of the country, and the topic studied the relationship between Iran and the United States of America and its development. The third topic studied the role of the opposition and the religious establishment, especially the personality of Ayatollah Sayyid Khomeini, and the political forces and their position, and the fourth topic studied the motives for the assassination of the Prime Minister, and the details of the incident. The conclusion came to include the most important conclusions reached by the researcher throughout her study of the subject, and the thesis also contained a number of appendices. In preparing her thesis, the researcher relied on a wide variety of sources, including documents, especially published ones, Persian and foreign publications, and Arabic and Arabic books. original scientific. By reading the study chapters, the following conclusions can be drawn: Many factors contributed to his intellectual formation and the refinement of his personality. His Tehran family gave him the necessary care from his early childhood, and provided him with a distinguished education until his graduation from university, and then sent him to Europe to receive science in the best European universities and obtain a graduate degree in the field of political and economic sciences. Mansour was able at an early age to establish close relations with influential foreign political figures, especially from the United States of America, taking advantage of his place of study on the one hand, and his family's pro-Western position on the other. Hassan Ali Mansour proved that he is a personality seeking change and fond of European modernity, and he tried to implement his ideas through the administrative and political positions that he held since entering the political center in the mid-forties of the twentieth century, especially positions in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that matured his ideas, and opened the doors for him to deal with the situation internal affairs in order to serve its purposes. Hassan Ali Mansour believed in the necessity of replacing old politicians with others who aspire to modernity, so he gathered his friends studying abroad under a group called (The Progressive Center - Canon Progressive), whose first nucleus belonged to a few people called (The Progressive Group - Karwa). Pechero) who worked to highlight them in the midst of the events and to wrest their political position. His efforts bore fruit in establishing the (New) Iran Noin Party, which was formed to implement internal and external interests and desires, especially the implementation of the principles of the reformist revolution (the White Revolution - Sefid's coup), and he was the first Secretary-General of the party, and the party's basic principles and administrative formations were an extension of the contexts of the White Revolution. . Hassan Ali Mansour’s government focused on economic programs, with the aim of creating work for the unemployed and providing an opportunity for investments. As long as the peasants and the simple segment of the public represent the most numerous group, the government made promises that it did not have time to implement, which generated an adverse response among the supporting groups. According to the government's program, Iran witnessed relative economic stability that did not last long, and was not saved by its development plans, so it resorted to borrowing from the United States of America, the most prominent ally of the government and the supportive hand to reach the government seat. Despite his declaration that his government’s foreign policy is based on national interests based on maintaining political and economic independence, Iran has witnessed the increasing influence of the United States of America, and the phase of Hassan Ali Mansour’s government is one of the most prominent stages of its increasing influence, and has even become one of the most prominent features of politics The government formed with American support, and the government's first step was to pass the Judicial Immunity Law for American Advisers, under the terms of the Vienna Treaty. faced itch And the death of Hassan Ali Mansour, strong opposition to the passage of the immunity law, although he worked to woo the religious establishment by releasing Ayatollah Khomeini after imposing house arrest on him after the events of June 5, 1963, but the confrontation returned again with a stronger tone and a stronger position. , forcing the government to deport him out of Iran, and from here the religious opposition forces represented by the (Islamic Coalition) began to change their method of opposing the government and turn it into an armed response. It turned out that the government had made a grave mistake by deporting Mr. Khomeini, believing that it had removed the point of danger, but it had forgotten the internal danger represented by the opposition clerics, and despite all the ambiguity and suspicion surrounding the personality of the Prime Minister, he D sought to develop and modernize Iran according to the Western style, but the circumstances did not fit With his ambition, and it was possible with some concession on his part or the religious establishment to amend the point of contention (judicial immunity), Iran would live in a better economic and political situation than it was at the time. sought to develop and modernize Iran according to the Western style, but the circumstances did not fit With his ambition, and it was possible with some concession on his part or the religious establishment to amend the point of contention (judicial immunity), Iran would live in a better economic and political situation than it was at the time.

طلب نسخة من الملف

الملفات غير منشورة على الموقع. اترك بياناتك وسيتواصل معك موظفو قسم الشؤون الثقافية والفنون لإرسال النسخة مجاناً.

الاسم

رقم الهاتف

البريد الإلكتروني

الغرض من الطلب (اختياري)

إرسال الطلب