شعر الجواهري ونزار قباني دراسة موازنة

الباحث

فرقان مهدي عباس

المشرف

أ.د. وسام علي الخالدي

الجامعة

جامعة الكوفة

الكلية / القسم

التربية للبنات / اللغة العربية

الشهادة

دكتوراه

السنة

2022

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

الجواهري;نزار قباني;الموازنة الأدبية;الشعر العربي الحديث

حاولت الباحثة في هذه الدراسة الموازنة بين شعر الجواهري ونزار قباني ، اعتمادًا على معايير الرؤية والتجربة الشعرية وكذلك المقارنة وفهم المتلقي ، حيث قسم البحث على مقدمة وثلاثة فصول تلتها خاتمة وملاحق وتوصل البحث إلى عدد من الاستنتاجات منها : إن للتوازن معنيين: الأول يأتي في النصوص الأدبية كما يسمي (القافية والإيقاع) ، فيأتي من مصطلحات البلاغة. والثاني: التوازن نهج شامل تطبيقي نقدي ينتهي بإصدار أحكام القوة والضعف للمقارنة بين إنتاج الشاعر المنفرد ، أو بين شاعرين يتعاملان مع نفس الموضوع. ومن النتائج أيضا تبيّن أن الشاعرين Gull Se LIS من حيث التعبير الفني ، عن القضايا السياسية والاجتماعية التي تتعلق بأوطانهم فضلا عن قضية فلسطين .

e importance of a balance study between Al-Jewahiry and Nizar Qhabbany, in the political and social topics, lies in many reasons, the most important are: the balance between two great poets of the twentieth century had not been conducted in an academic study before, and that the importance of such subjects in the twentieth century which still affecting till now, where the two world wars of that century resulted in dissociation of the Islamic Ottoman Empire and the Arab homeland subjected to the French and British occupation which created the Zionist entity in the midst of the Arab nation to support their occupation. In this study, the researcher attempted to balance between the political and social poetry of Al-Jewahiry, in case of any similarity between them, depending on the standards of vision and the poetic experience as well as comparison and the recipient’s comprehension. The research is divided into a preface and three chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion and a B bibliography. The title of the preface is( Balance theory: a rooting and a renewal, glimpse in the lives of Al-Jewahiry and Nizar Qhabbany). The titles of the three chapters are: Balance between Al-Jewahiry and Qhabbany in the political topics, Balance between Al-Jewahiry and Qhabbany in the social topics and balancing the modern technical aspects between Al-Jewahiry and Qhabbany, respepctively. The research found a number of conclusions that could be summarized as following: 1. Balance has two meanings: the first comes within the literary texts as what is so called (rhyme and rhythm), so it comes as one of the terms of eloquence. The second: balance is a critical applied comprehensive approach ended by issuing judgments of strength and weakness to compare among the single poet’s production, or between two poets dealing with the same subject. 2. The Arab ancient approach of balance had developed with the development of the modern poetry and its schools due to the increase relation between East and west, where the literary trends appear to represent the intellectual, social and technical direction of its era depicting its values and needs. Al-Jewahiry’s approach represents the modern classical school which attempts to keep the recipient mood, while Qhabbany tended to the modernity school which intersects with heritage and the traditional mood; he succeeded in creating new mood. 3. Qhabbany outperformed Al-Jewahiry in religion and religious satire, because Al-Jewahiry was direct in dealing with this subject, though he attempted to save the prose of the satire discourse. Nizar used satire, rebellion, revolution and conflict with the allied political and religious authorities till he became the hero who killed the Derwish Imam who has a kishkool and (rosary) mesbeha. 4. Concerning the issues of defending woman and her freedom. Al-Jewahiry had defended woman’s education and freedom with a prosaic discourse, which is beneath the level of Qhabbany where the woman was a symbol of revolution, homeland and freedom which he considered as a base for Man’s freedom and then society freedom. D 5. For the political topics, the research concludes that Al- Jewahiry could not be outperformed in his poems before June setback 1967, as he had started his life as a political poet with the national poems and the poems of resisting colony. 6. In the issue of Palestine after the setback, Qhabbany represented an outstanding intellectual and technical gravity comparing to the poetry of Al-Jewahiry, because the setback was not a surprise for Al- Jewahiry he expected it by his socialist culture and intuition, while it was a bitter and sever surprise for Qhabbany who could not expect such events, yet there are few weak poems for Qhabbany in this aspect. 7. In the technical expression the two poets were equivalent in expressing the political and social issues and the new Palestine addressing all the different stages of people. Each of them started with the blank verse experience, and then Al-Jewahiry dropped this type, except in his contemplative poetry, while Qhabbany preferred the rhyme in most of his poems, which is suitable for the technical or artistic prose. 8. For the balance of Al-Jewahiry and Qhabbany in the poem dramatic structure, Qhabbany is preferred for many reasons such as: he, E mostly, avoid the long poems, as well as choosing the existing attitudes and climaxes appear firstly in the poems titles where most of them carry poetic energies that could be used to analyze the text, while the titles of Al-Jewahiry were prose and direct. Moreover, the sounds in the poems of Qhabbany were more than that in Al-Jewahiry’s poems, where the( ego) was effective in Al-Jewahiry’s poems. E mostly, avoid the long poems, as well as choosing the existing attitudes and climaxes appear firstly in the poems titles where most of them carry poetic energies that could be used to analyze the text, while the titles of Al-Jewahiry were prose and direct. Moreover, the sounds in the poems of Qhabbany were more than that in Al-Jewahiry’s poems, where the( ego) was effective in Al-Jewahiry’s poems.

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