مظاهر التعايش السلمي بين المسلمين والهنود من الفتح حتى نهاية عصر السلطنة الإسلامية (92-932هـ/705-1526م)

الباحث

نور عبد الكريم يونس علي

المشرف

ياسر عبد الجواد المشهداني

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

التربية للعلوم الإنسانية / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2024

لغة الرسالة

A

الكلمات المفتاحية

التعايش السلمي;المسلمون والهنود;الهند الإسلامية;التاريخ الإسلامي

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of Messengers and upon his family and all his companions. There is no doubt that Arab-Indian relations are very ancient, and the evidence for that is many. There are positive attitudes between Arabs and Indians, and then between Muslims and Indians, which have resulted in friendly and positive relations that no two disagree on. Hence our choice. For the topic entitled (Manifestations of Peaceful Coexistence between Muslims and Indians), in which we tried to highlight the many ties and manifestations of peaceful coexistence between them over long centuries that we were able to monitor in this study, considering that it is one of the important studies to know the conditions of countries that consist of multiple sects and hold different beliefs, we have Through our research, we discovered the nature of the relationship between Muslims and Indians in India and what life was like there because peaceful coexistence is the basis for any country that embraces multiple sects, and also to know and explain how Muslims deal with the people of the countries they conquer and respond to some orientalists who paint a bad picture of the Islamic conquests. And also to record the past of Muslims and their good relationship with the Indians in India, which is something that no researcher has addressed before. Most of the studies were about the Islamic conquest of India and the battles that took place, and there was also mention of the economic and civilizational aspects, but the picture of interaction and the nature of the relationship between Muslims and Indians in particular was not shown. What we focused on in our research. As a result, I was guided to choose this title due to the lack of a special and direct study on (manifestations of coexistence between Muslims and Indians) and the impact of Islamic morals and culture on the countries of India in a positive way and it had a clear impact on various aspects of life in the countries of India, and in fact This study will add a bright side to the topics dealing with the study of the Islamic East and will highlight the close relationship between Muslims and Indians for many centuries. Therefore, the period that the researcher dealt with (92-932 AH / 705- 1526 AD) was the best period in which the manifestations of peaceful coexistence were clear and deep between the people of The two sects, therefore, this research is a modest attempt aimed at shedding light on the manifestations of coexistence in all political, economic and social aspects and the consequent re-establishment of bridges of relations with those peoples in our current time. The research included an introduction and three chapters, in addition to the introduction, conclusion, maps, and appendices. The introduction included an overview of India’s location and name, a summary of the Islamic conquests of India, and the social composition of Indian society. The first chapter (Manifestations of Coexistence in the Political and Administrative Aspects) included two sections. The first section reviewed tolerance in Islamic conquests, political appointments, and high positions, as well as dealing with tolerance when eliminating the rebellions that occurred against Islamic authority. While the second section was devoted to mentioning the administrative aspects regarding the jobs assumed by Muslims and Hindus, we touched on the military aspect and the participation of Muslims and Indians in military matters to maintain security in the country of India. While the second chapter was devoted to (manifestations of coexistence in economic aspects), which included two sections, the first section dealt with the relations between merchants, types of trade, the role of trade unions in manifestations of peaceful coexistence, internal markets, and sales between Muslims and Hindus. The chapter also did not neglect to refer to the currencies, prices, and Indian cities in which It involves the exchange of goods and merchandise. In the second section, it dealt with the aspect of agriculture and integration into field work between Muslims and Indians, as well as the industrial aspect and its development during the period of Islamic rule, in addition to mentioning the most important Indian industries, such as the manufacture of swords and ships. The thesis concluded with the third chapter on (Manifestations of Coexistence in Social and Cultural Aspects). The researcher divided the chapter into two sections. The first section dealt with marriage ceremonies and intermarriages between Muslims and Hindus, and also highlighted the close customs between Muslims and Hindus and the mutual influence between them. The research also dealt with respect for the holy places in India and Sufism and their impact on Peaceful coexistence between Muslims and Hindus. As for the second section, it touched on the cultural life in India and its influence. The Islamic and Indian civilizations rebelled against each other, the most prominent of which was the spread of schools and mosques in which the most prominent religious and secular sciences were taught, the spread of the Arabic language, and the influence that occurred in the field of medicine, arithmetic, and others, as well as among the matters that the researcher addressed. It is (the art of architecture) and the Islamic architectural style, and its influence and impact on Hindu architectural art, which resulted in an architectural mixture (Islamic- Hindu) that added elegance to the cities of India and its corridors. As a result, the nature of the topic necessitated a return to the most prominent primary sources because they were many and varied, most notably: (General history books) In this field, he mentioned what Abu Al- Hasan Ahmad bin Yahya Jaber Al-Baladhuri (d. 279/892 AD) reported in his book (Conquests of Countries) of comprehensive information about the Arab-Islamic conquest of India, which was benefited from in the introduction and political aspects within the first chapter. In addition to the books (travels) that greatly benefited the subject, it was characterized by the journey of Suleiman the Merchant (d. 227 AH / 841 AD) in the third century AH / ninth century AD) to India, which was mentioned within (The Journey of the Seraphs to India, China, Japan, and Indonesia), which touched on trade. Industry and the most prominent minerals in India, which benefited us greatly in the second chapter And the journey of Abu Al-Rayhan Muhammad bin Ahmad Al- Biruni (d. 440 AH / 1048 AD), who lived in India for a long period of time. The importance of his writings comes from his presentation of events, his experience of many of them, and his personal observations.

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رقم الهاتف

البريد الإلكتروني

الغرض من الطلب (اختياري)

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