الخلفاء الراشدون عند ابن عبد البر في كتابه الاستيعاب وعند ابن حجر في كتابه الإصابة (دراسة مقارنة)

الباحث

مروى طلال يونس عبد القادر الخيرو

المشرف

عمر أمجد صالح

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

التربية للعلوم الإنسانية / التاريخ

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2024

لغة الرسالة

A

الكلمات المفتاحية

الخلفاء الراشدون;ابن عبد البر;ابن حجر;التاريخ الإسلامي

Praise be to God, and prayers and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions, and peace be upon them all And after: Ibn Abd al-Barr al-Andalusi and al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani are among the most famous who wrote books on various religious sciences, including the humanities, in the Islamic world. The scholars of their time considered them to be one of the claims of knowledge due to the breadth of their knowledge and the large number of their writings. Their books are also considered a proven source that no historian can do without. Among the most prominent of these books are: The book “Al-Isti‟ab fi Ma‟rifat al-Ashaba” by Ibn Abd al-Barr and the book “Al-Isaba fi Ma‟rifat al-Sahaba” by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in the science of biographies and classes. They are among the most important books that dealt with the Companions, explaining their lineages, their virtues, and something in their lives. The Rightly-Guided Caliphs were chosen because of their great role and influence in Islamic history and in the history of the call. Islamic. The importance of the topic and the reason for choosing it: The importance of the topic came through monitoring the pictures and biographies of the four Rightly Guided Caliphs, Abu Bakr, Omar, Othman, and Ali, as they were symbols of the Islamic nation, the missionaries of Paradise, and the first among the Muslims. Their lives and biographies were monitored by both Ibn Abd al-Barr and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in their two books, Absorption in the Knowledge of Companions and Success in Knowing the Companions, and examining the picture shown by historians about the lives of these Rightly Guided Caliphs, in addition to historical research regarding reviewing biographies. B B Purpose of the study: The researcher‟s goal in this study was to highlight how Ibn Abd al- Barr looked and dealt with in the book “Al-Isti‟ab fi Ma‟rifat al-Ashab” and Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani in his book “Al-Isaba fi Ma‟rifat al-Asha‟ab fi Ma‟rifat al-Ashab” (The Rightly Guided Caliphs) by presenting the historical material and comparing the two books. The researcher also worked on presenting the historical material on the social arrangement of events. From name and lineage until death. The limits of the study: The spatial limit was what the Islamic world reached in the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, in the east and west of the earth. As for the time limit, it was limited to the period of rule and the reign of each caliph (11-40 AH/632-661 AD). The study relied on two approaches: inductive and descriptive, which is based on collecting scientific material from sources and accurately describing what was mentioned in their biographies and biographies of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. The comparative approach is the comparison between what the historians reported in their two books, Al-Isti`abah and Al-Isabah, about the Rightly Guided Caliphs. Previous studies: There are many studies that dealt with Ibn Abd al-Barr and his book Al-Isti'abah and Ibn Hajar and his book Al-Isaba, as well as about the Companions in the two books, but our study was about the Rightly Guided Caliphs according to Ibn Abd al-Barr and Ibn Hajar in Al- Isti'abah and Al-Isabah, a comparative study, which no one had previously addressed. Among these studies are: 1- Elaf Shaker Zabeel Hamoud Al-Kaabi, Imam Ali bin Abi Talib in the book of comprehension by Ibn Abdul-Barr Al-Andalusi (d. 463 AH / 1070 AD), published master‟s thesis, Faculty of Arts, Dhi Qar University, 1438 AH, 2017 AD. 2- Majeed Khalaf Al-Minshawi: Al-Hafiz Ibn Abd al-Barr‟s audience in studying the lives of the Companions, publication research, Ain Al- Jami‟a Library. 3- Abd al-Rahman Muhammad Abd Mashakiyah, Comments by al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani on al-Hafiz Ibn Abd al-Barr in his book al- Isti‟abah from the beginning of the book to the end of the letter al- „ayn, published master‟s thesis, College of Graduate Studies, University of Jordan, 2006. Difficulties faced by the researcher: As for the difficulties that faced the researcher: they were objective difficulties, as it was difficult to compare between the two books because the two books specialized in biographies and Ibn Hajar quoted from Ibn Abd al-Barr. Division of study: We divided our study into an introduction, four chapters, and then a conclusion, in which we produced many results. In the introduction, we touched on the autobiography and scientific biography of Ibn Abd al-Barr, as well as the autobiography and scientific biography of Ibn Hajar al-Raghani. The biography was his name, likeness, birth, nickname, nicknames, upbringing, and death. As for his scientific biography, it was his travels, his sheikhs, his writings, his students, and the sayings of the scholars about him. The first chapter included the first caliph, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, and took what Ibn Abd al-Barr reported in his book Al-Isti‟abāb and Ibn Hajar in his book Al-Isābah on the authority of Caliph Abu Bakr, the social arrangement of the historical material contained, and a comparison of what Ibn Abd al-Barr came to and what Ibn Hajar reported. D D Concerning Caliph Abu Bakr (peace be upon him), including his name, lineage, titles, family, conversion to Islam, jihad, companionship with the Messenger (peace be upon him), his succession, and then his death. As for the second chapter, we discussed the Caliph Omar bin Al- Khattab in everything that Ibn Abd al-Barr mentioned in his book Al- Isti‟ab and Ibn Hajar in his book Al-Isaba and the comparison between them in relation to the Caliph Omar While the third chapter included the third Caliph, Othman bin Affan as well as taking what came and what Ibn Abd al-Barr reported in comprehension and Ibn Hajar in Al-Isaba and comparing them in everything related to the Caliph Othman bin Affan. The fourth and final chapter contained the fourth Caliph Ali bin Abi Talib, and also took what Ibn Abd al-Barr mentioned in the book Al- Isti‟ab and Ibn Hajar in Al-Isaba from historical material and studied it in a comparative study in everything related to the Caliph Ali bin Abi Talib. After that came the conclusion reached by the researcher, which came out with the most important results.

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الاسم

رقم الهاتف

البريد الإلكتروني

الغرض من الطلب (اختياري)

إرسال الطلب