المباني الشاخصة غير المدروسة في مدينة الموصل إبان العصر العثماني - دراسة عمارية فنية لنماذج مختارة

الباحث

حسن ساقي جاسم محمد

المشرف

فيان موفق رشيد

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية الاثار / قسم الآثار

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

2022

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

المباني التراثية ; مدينة الموصل ; العصر العثماني ; العمارة الإسلامية

A There is no doubt that the city of Mosul has its wealth of buildings expressing ancient civilizational communication, which clarified the touches of Mosuli architecture. He was skilled in the art of planning and building, and he did not receive it in private schools, but rather it was the result of the strenuous practice and accumulated experiences that he gained from the battle of architectural development in Mesopotamia since ancient times. building shape. Hence the idea of choosing the subject of the study tagged with "unstudied standing buildings in the school of Mosul during the Ottoman era - an architectural and artistic study of selected models"; The Ottoman era is considered one of the most prominent eras that adorned the city of Mosul, and its meanings varied from religious, residential, service and military. The research problem and the reason for choosing these models of buildings is to preserve, document and study them with an applied field study and shed light on them, and it is the first study of them, especially after the recent events that the city has been exposed to from terrorist elements and hostilities. The aim of choosing the subject and the diversity of the buildings that it included, specifically in the Ottoman era, and to clarify what the architect has proven of his thought, knowledge and accumulated experiences in making the buildings of the city of Mosul with unique designs, designs and construction, and its use of planning, architectural and decorative elements in accordance with the city of Mosul. As for the limits of the research, models of buildings were selected in many places of the shops and neighborhoods of the old city of Mosul, which were represented by (the neighborhood of Al-Mansuriya, the neighborhood of Imam Awn Al-Din, the neighborhood of Al-Bab Al-Jadid, Al-Shahwan, and Abdokhob (Al-Abd Al-Salih) and others.)... In its approach, the research relied mainly on the field study and what it requires of analysis, conclusion and comparison; It relied on the field survey in the old city’s neighborhoods and alleys, documenting the elected models, drawing their plans and photographing their architectural and artistic elements, as well as conducting personal interviews with caring specialists, researchers, and amateurs, as well as the owners and administrators of those buildings and the old people of the old region. B The study concluded a number of conclusions: - The city of Mosul is considered an Islamic city and inherited its position from a set of points within a framework that made it an important city throughout the ages, and the Tigris River had a great impact in determining its plans and the distribution of buildings in it, and its adoption of the oval shape and the exploitation of the hills and terraces and the definition of the width of the streets and alleys and the exploitation of its architectural spaces. - The Ottoman era is considered one of the distinctive eras of the city. As it enabled it to be a basic base for the Ottoman state, and a starting point and expansion, which was reflected in the development of the city, as it included many religious, residential, service and military buildings, and distributed among the shops and neighborhoods of the city. Almost a locality, and sometimes there is more than one mosque in one locality, which indicates the adherence of the people of Mosul to religious rites and the social ties emanating from them. The mosques were characterized by their large area, the immensity of their construction, and the multiplicity of their planning, architectural and technical elements, while small mosques were characterized by the few elements mentioned in comparison to the mosques. - The multiplicity of residential houses in Mosul, including large, medium, and small houses, due to the physical condition of the owner of the house and the spaces designated for construction. Some of them consisted of two floors and others of one floor. Some of them were designated for rest, some were designated for storing foodstuffs, and others were stables for horses and beasts, and the role was not without its elements such as the iwan, the courtyard, the hallway, the rooms and the rooms, and these methods were followed in the ancient Iraqi architecture, and continued until the Islamic eras. - When constructing the inns and baths, which are among the most prominent service buildings, I was concerned with many matters in planning; In the khan, the rectangular planning model of the study was followed, which is what the boxes of the study models followed. As for the bathrooms, they had social and religious privacy. The Obaid Agha bathroom was divided into two bathrooms, one for men and the other for women. - The choice was successful for the Ottomans’ building of the Baroudukhaneh site at the northern end of the city; In order not to disturb civilians, and due to the dangers of gunpowder, its storage and manufacture, as well as to protect the wall from the northern side, and the ease of delivering gunpowder and the entry and exit of soldiers and officers, their equipment and supplies, it was truly an integrated camp with its planning and design, which looks like a fortified fortress. Mosuli architecture in the Ottoman era is considered an extension of what preceded it in terms of style and construction style, and it later influenced later buildings, such as some elements that were not known, such as: the forum, which is the place of the Holy Qur’an reader that was created in the mosques of Mosul. The decorations that were seen on the study buildings varied, despite their rarity, and most of them were subjected to burning and distortion due to the recent events that the city has experienced. They were plant and geometric decorations and animal shapes. There are many writings between religious writings, texts, poems, and historical writings in Arabic script, and the Thuluth script was the dominant script, in addition to writings in the Syriac language. - The Mosuli architect was aware of the spontaneous experience of the physical and chemical properties of building materials, binding materials and packaging, and through what the environment provided for him, so he built with stone and mortar and was aware of the extent of the impact of groundwater, and the phenomenon of the green property. --- page 321 [OCR+] --- Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research University of Mosul Faculty of Archaeology Unstudied private buildings in the city of Mosul during the Ottoman era -An Architectural and Technical Study of Selected Models Hasan Saqi Jasim Mohammed Master Thesis In Islamic Archaeology Supervised by Asst. Prof. Dr. Vian Muawaffak Rashid 1444A.H 2022A.D. Hasan Saqi Jasim [OCR of page] Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research i i University of Mosul Seay Faculty of Archaeology Unstudied private buildings in the city of Mosul during the Ottoman era -An Architectural and Technical Study of Selected Models Hasan Saqi Jasim Master Thesis In Islamic Archaeology Supervised by Asst. Prof. Dr. Vian Muawaffak Rashid 1444A.H 2022A.D. --- page 322 [OCR+] --- Unstudied private buildings in the city of Mosul during the Ottoman era -An Architectural and Technical Study of Selected Models A message submitted by the student Hasan Saqi Jasim Mohammed To Council of the College of Archeology / University of Mosul It is part of the requirements for a Master's degree in Islamic Archeology Supervised by Assistant Professor Dr. Vian Mowafak Rashid 1444A.H 2022A.D. Hasan Saqi Jasim [OCR of page] Unstudied private buildings in the city of Mosul during the Ottoman era -An Architectural and Technical Study of Selected Models A message submitted by the student Hasan Saqi Jasim To Council of the College of Archeology / University of Mosul It is part of the requirements for a Master's degree in Islamic Archeology Supervised by Assistant Professor Dr. Vian Mowafak Rashid 1444A.H 2022A.D.

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