التنظيمات العسكرية في بلاد السودان حتى نهاية القرن العاشر الهجري/السادس عشر الميلادي
Military Organizations in Sudan until the End of the Tenth Century AH/Sixteenth Century AD
- الباحث
- فائز فتح الله عبدالوهاب محمود الحيالي
- المشرف
- بشار أكرم جميل داؤد الملاح
- الجامعة
- جامعة الموصل
- الكلية / القسم
- كلية الآداب / التاريخ
- الشهادة
- دكتوراه
- السنة
- 2024
- لغة الرسالة
- عربي
- الكلمات المفتاحية
- التنظيمات العسكرية ; بلاد السودان ; التاريخ الإسلامي ; أفريقيا
Abstract
A The lands of Sudan (sub-Saharan Africa) stretch from the Sahara Desert in the north to the equatorial forests in the south, and from the Red Sea in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west. Several states and kingdoms have risen on its soil, and it is evident that such a large geographic region would have an army to protect it. The elements of this army consisted of various ethnicities, including blacks, Berbers, slaves, and Arabs. Its types included cavalry, spears, bows, shields, and helmets, as well as quarries, pins, and columns. This army in sub-Saharan Africa played a role in repelling attacks from pagan tribes surrounding Islamic kingdoms in Western, Central, and Eastern Sudan, as well as participating in repelling the Christian army in East Africa, in Sudan, and the Nile River's Valley in Abyssinia and Nubia. The thesis will attempt to address this matter. The thesis consists of an introduction, a preface, and four chapters. The preface discusses the geography of Sudan, its development, and its divisions. The first chapter covers the wars that occurred in that region, including the army elements in Sudan, types of weapons used, and tactics. The second chapter comprises military plans, conscription, spies (intelligence), encouragement of princes and leaders to fight, as well as army resources, food, titles, and slogans. The third chapter discusses the army's role in fighting paganism in the Eastern, Central, and Western Sudan, composed of the Kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Senegal, while the fourth chapter addresses the army's role in combating Christianity and preventing the conversion of Muslims, as in Abyssinia and Nubia. The researcher relied on several sources, references, and research, including geographical books like "Al-Masalik wa al-Mamalik" by Abu Ubayd al-Bakri, who mentioned Sudan's geography and the complexion of its inhabitants, as well as the army elements. The study also relied on "Masalik al- Abṣār fī Mamālik al-Amṣār" by Ahmad ibn Fadl Allah al-Umari, which discussed Sudan's lands, Islamic-style kingdoms, and the number of infantry and cavalry, in addition to the tools used. The researcher also benefited from references such as "Islamic Mali State," "Islamic Ghana Empire," and "Islamic Bornu Empire" by Ibrahim Ali B Tarkhan, which provided information about these countries, especially concerning military aspects, cities, tribes, and the use of firearms. Furthermore, several research papers and articles, as well as university theses, were utilized throughout the thesis, contributing to a clear picture of military organizations in the region by describing their elements, weapons, plans, and battles. For example, the battle of Kirina (633 AH/1235 AD) significantly influenced the establishment of Islamic kingdoms in the Western Sudan, and its impact was evident in providing information about important personalities and leaders. Additionally, the researcher benefited from a master's thesis entitled "The Spread of Islam in Abyssinia: Its Causes and Dimensions" by Muhammad Hami al-Din al-Burni, which enriched the study with information about Abyssinia and the ongoing conflict there.
طلب نسخة من الملف
الملفات غير منشورة على الموقع. اترك بياناتك وسيتواصل معك موظفو قسم الشؤون الثقافية والفنون لإرسال النسخة مجاناً.