الاسترجاع في رواية "زقاق الجمجم" لبيات مرعي

الباحث

سفيان رعد فرج

المشرف

سروة يونس أحمد

الجامعة

جامعة الموصل

الكلية / القسم

كلية الآداب / اللغة العربية

الشهادة

ماجستير

السنة

—

لغة الرسالة

عربي

الكلمات المفتاحية

الاسترجاع ; زقاق الجمجم ; بيات مرعي ; الرواية العراقية

well as because it looks like a glass window through which we see the human struggle with himself, his society and his country. Bayyat Merei, with this novel, had produced what paralleled the Iraqi crisis and the loss that the Iraqis had suffered in recent years. So, he opened a space for the recipient to interpretation and multiple readings, and he referred us through his memory to the atmosphere of childhood and the vocabulary of the local environment. His memories were fulled of social sadness and suffering. and he had invested the crises in Iraq 5 one of those affected by it, and it is known that literature flourishes with crises and his suffering was the main material in the novel. As for the followed study, it was committed to analyzing and deconstructing the retrospective texts from the memory of the narrator Bayat Merhi, knowing their subjective and personal secrets, and revealing their distant meanings after we paved them at the beginning. And we achieved many results, the most important of which was the narrative discourse in the novel relied on the knowledgeable narrator using the third person, which allowed him to narrate the events, and have absolute control over the presentation of the story, and express the worlds of the personality. The narrator's recall was associated with nostalgia for his family and for the homes whose features were obliterated by the recent war in Nineveh, and was linked to his look at the past that indicated intellectual data related to the self and the degree of its emotionality with reality. So, the narrator memory is a full record of Iraqi history represented by revolutions, coups, wars, leaders and presidents, so he used a lot of external recalls to record important events from the history of Iraq in general and Mosul in particular, based on emotional loads in his narration. b Time is considered one of the basic elements in narrative texts in general, as characters and events do not move except within a specific time, and if the novel loses it, it stops and froze in stillness after which it cannot continue; This is because it simulates memory and its presence in the narration as it roams the corridors of the past and opens up to the present requirements, including its constants and changes, and here comes its importance as a constructive element that affects and reflects on it. This prompted us to study an effective temporal technique, which is (retrieval). The title of the dissertation was (flashback in the novel Zuqaq al-Jumjum by Bayyat Marei). The flashback formed a smooth link with memory and attended to open up to a number of questions when we addressed it as an artistic technique and narrative material pressing on the course of events with its active narrative presence in the creative work, and it was proven by its legitimacy. Entering the vast field of imagination is its ability to reformulate the text according to its will, and we have also chosen the flashback to answer the following questions: Is there an urgent aesthetic necessity that restricts narrative creativity and drags it to look back? And does turning pages in memory have the joy of liberation and creates new insight and multiple connotations that flow into the essence of the new experience of the personality? And the answer to these questions was only with the word (yes), because of the great importance of retrieval in the fictional text, and it had the rule of stopping the narrative moment and going back in time to be a modern discussion, deducing reasons and results. Our choice fell on (Zuqaq al- jumjum novel); After we saw the flashback in it so present and strong that we can consider it a retrospective novel par excellence, as a

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