التوزيع الجغرافي للموارد الطبيعية واستخداماتها في الأندلس عصري الإمارة والخلافة (138-422هـ/755-1031م)

Geographical Distribution of Natural Resources and their Uses in Andalusia in the Era of the Emirate and the Caliphate (138-422 A.H./755-1031 A.D.)
البحث في الرسائل
الباحث
جميلة أياد سعد الله الدباغ
المشرف
خزعل ياسين مصطفى
الجامعة
جامعة الموصل
الكلية / القسم
كلية الآداب / التاريخ
الشهادة
ماجستير
السنة
2023
لغة الرسالة
عربي
الكلمات المفتاحية
التوزيع الجغرافي ; الموارد الطبيعية ; الأندلس ; عصر الإمارة والخلافة

Abstract

The study of Islamic economics history in Andalusia within the era of Umayyad Emirate and Caliphate (138 AH, 755 AD to 422 AH, 1031 AD) is the most interesting field of research in which human and nature factors joined to gather to ripen it. The country witnessed social merge, cross-fertilization between Islamic East and the West resulted in a lofty edifice for Islamic civilization in Andalusia. The current study takes the preface as a field to research for the history of the princes and caliphs, and studies the personality of each in the light of nickname, lineage, birth, arise, characteristics and the education of each. Beside it studies the wives, children and the way of pledge allegiance. It highlights the political situation where as the country witnessed a political unity that supported the Andalusian society. The current research tackles the geography of Andalusian provinces and learn about their natural resources wherever they were in order to see the economic development that the region has reached at during the ruling era of Umayyad. After it reviews the name and the geographical nature of Andalusian, the current study shows provinces and the big cities of each. It highlights also the terrain, water abundance and soil fertility which led to the increasing of production and achieving self-sufficiency to face economical crises. The country witnessed agricultural rise, breeding sheep and hunting. It reveals the most important crops, agricultural areas and the system of irrigation in Andalusian. Besides, manufacturing and the crafts which helped in developing of industry. It concerns with internal and external trade and mentions the most important land and Sea routs and the factors that contributed in flourishing of ports and importing and exporting. It reviews the markets and the shops and the way they were organized and it tackles the role of Al Muhtasib to prevent fraud and it shows the most important of Andalusian goods and commodities besides, the hotels and its importance as tools of rest and places to serve economical activities. A

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